In today's interconnected world, cybersecurity has emerged as a critical issue. Beyond the traditional threats of theft and data privacy breaches, the scope of cybersecurity now encompasses far more serious offences. Intellectual Property Infringement and identity theft, often driven by inadequate data privacy measures, are just a few examples.

Cyber security by Decentralized AI 

We are delighted to announce our partnership with OnlyLayer, an emerging leader in Ethereum Layer 2 scaling solutions. 

Cluster Protocol & OnlyLayer Partnership: Powering AI-Powered dApps and Next-Level Scalability

We are excited to announce a groundbreaking partnership between Cluster Protocol and Kaira, two innovators in the decentralized tech space.

Cluster Protocol Partners with Kaira: Revolutionizing Decentralized Social Media with AI-Driven Personalization and Enhanced Performance

Imagine a dApp where you can book your taxi directly IRL. That's what AI oracles are doing! They're like smart assistants that help blockchains understand things happening outside the digital world.

Rise of AI-powered Oracles: How Decentralized AI can enhance blockchain smart contracts and Real-Time Data Feeds.

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with CeDeFiAi, a pioneering platform that aims to simplify cryptocurrency investing by aggregating chains, exchanges, decentralized exchanges, liquidity pools, vaults, staking platforms, yield farms, and every crypto product imaginable. 

Cluster Protocol Partners with CeDeFiAi: Empowering Simplified Crypto Investing with AI

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Bot3AI, a pioneering platform that is transforming the social landscape with its innovative chat-to-earn model. 

Cluster Protocol Partners with Bot3AI to Revolutionize Chat-to-Earn Experiences

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic marketing collaboration with Wayru, the world's first DePIN project partnering with the United Nations to tackle the global connectivity crisis. 

Cluster Protocol and Wayru: Bridging the Digital Divide through Decentralized Connectivity

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce its strategic partnership with Renta Network, a leader in creating a decentralized rental ecosystem that integrates blockchain, Web3, and AI-based solutions. 

Cluster Protocol Partners with Renta Network: Pioneering AI-Driven Rental Price Prediction

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with Aspis Protocol, a pioneering force in AI-governed decentralized vaults. 

Cluster Protocol and Aspis Protocol: Revolutionizing Decentralized Asset Management

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Memento, an AI-driven platform revolutionizing the memecoin market with advanced insights and community engagement tools. 

Cluster Protocol and Memento: Enhancing AI-Powered Memecoin Insights with Decentralized Compute

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with WatchX, an innovative AI & DePIN Network that integrates wearables with Web3. 

Cluster Protocol and WatchX Unite to Transform AI Model Training and Web3 Health with Wearable Data Innovations.

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with BitDoctor, an innovative platform revolutionizing the medical field with advanced AI-driven diagnosis and personalized healthcare solutions.

Cluster Protocol and BitDoctor: Revolutionizing AI-Powered Medical Diagnostics with Decentralized Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with PhronAI, a cutting-edge Layer-1 blockchain that blends EVM compatibility with Proof-of-Stake and an AI-driven consensus mechanism. 

Cluster Protocol and PhronAI: Combining AI and Blockchain for Enhanced Consensus and Compute Power

Agentic workflow is a system of creating AI agents that autonomously work together towards a shared mission. The key difference between Agentic workflow and non-agentic workflow lies in the ability of an agent to self-reflect and rectify its own shortcomings, without the need of an external input. 

Agentic AI workflows: An analysis of the highly potent technology and its ability to revolutionize business workflows.

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Impossible Cloud Network (ICN), a decentralized multi-service cloud platform. 

Cluster Protocol and Impossible Cloud Network (ICN): Advancing Decentralized Cloud Storage Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a partnership with GalaxyHub, an innovative ecosystem in the cryptocurrency and DeFi space. 

Cluster Protocol and GalaxyHub: Enhancing User Engagement with Co-Marketing and Web3 Tasks

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Fightly, a dynamic multiplayer online battle royale game built on the Solana blockchain. 

Cluster Protocol and Fightly: Enhancing Community Engagement with Advanced AI Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Solder AI, a decentralized infrastructure designed to expand the context token windows for artificial intelligence. 

Cluster Protocol and Solder AI: Expanding AI Capabilities with Enhanced Context Memory

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with FLOWTRADE.ai, a cutting-edge platform that leverages AI automation for cryptocurrency, stock, and forex trading.

Cluster Protocol and FLOWTRADE.ai: Enhancing AI-Driven Trading with Advanced Compute Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Puffverse, an innovative 3D open-world metaverse platform. 

Cluster Protocol and Puffverse: Powering the Metaverse with Advanced Compute and AI Integration

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a new partnership with Star Protocol, an innovative omni-chain identity protocol powered by LayerZero. 

Cluster Protocol and Star Protocol: Empowering Omni-Chain Identity with AI Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with FacilPay, an innovative platform revolutionizing Web3 chat, payments, and DeFi banking. 

Cluster Protocol and FacilPay: Transforming Web3 Payments and AI Integration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with BVM, the Bitcoin Rollup-as-a-Service platform. 

Cluster Protocol and BVM: Advancing Bitcoin Ecosystem and AI Integration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Bndr.AI, a platform revolutionizing how crypto enthusiasts discover new projects. 

Cluster Protocol and Bndr.AI: Revolutionizing Crypto Project Discovery with AI and Compute Power

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Wolfswap, a cutting-edge DEX aggregator that incorporates GameFi aspects to deliver an unparalleled trading experience.

Cluster Protocol and Wolfswap: Elevating Decentralized Trading and AI-Powered Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with StarLandAI, a generative AI network that supports running large models on decentralized computational power. 

Cluster Protocol and StarLandAI: Enhancing AI Capabilities with Decentralized Compute Infrastructure

Ever wondered how large amounts of data is utilized to train highly intelligent AI models? Where does this data come from? How is it organized? Who controls it? And is there a way to democratize the ownership of data? The following article delves into how the data used for AI model training is managed and how generative AI can play a crucial role in enhancing data management, democratization, and overall training of AI models.

Gen AI and data for training AI models in decentralized compute: A match made in heaven  

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Clubout, the ultimate Super App designed to integrate billions of users into the Web3 culture seamlessly.

Cluster Protocol partners with Clubout to utilize AI for improved community engagement.

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with GoAction, a deflationary project based on the sharing economy. 

Cluster Protocol and GoAction: Enhancing the Sharing Economy with AI and Community Engagement

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with VPS AI, a revolutionary platform that redefines cloud computing with decentralized infrastructure and AI-driven services. 

Cluster Protocol and VPS AI are partnering to build Decentralized Ecosystem for Compute and Dataset Sharing

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Arthera, an innovative EVM blockchain that introduces the unique concept of a "Gas Pass" in Web3. 

Cluster Protocol and Arthera: Innovating Blockchain with AI and Gas Pass Integration

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with ForuAI, a groundbreaking platform that empowers users to control and monetize their data.

Cluster Protocol and ForuAI: Empowering Data Control and AI Personalization

In the decentralized landscape of Web3, ownership of digital assets has been facilitated by unique NFTs that represent an underlying set of code or smart contracts.

A deep dive into how NFTs can enhance blockchain decentralization by making Node sales an effortless process.

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with TonGPU, a cutting-edge Layer 1 network specifically designed for AI and DePIN (Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks) computing power. 

Cluster Protocol and TonGPU: Elevating Decentralized AI and Compute Power

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with InitVerse, a cutting-edge Web3 platform offering a comprehensive ecosystem for decentralized applications (dApps). 

Cluster Protocol and InitVerse: Powering Decentralized Innovation with Advanced Compute Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with SatoshiDEX, a pioneering DeFi protocol designed to enhance the flexibility and innovation of the Bitcoin blockchain.

Cluster Protocol and SatoshiDEX: Elevating Bitcoin DeFi with AI Solutions

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with AILayer, the first Bitcoin Layer 2 designed to support the mass adoption of AI applications.

Cluster Protocol Partners with AILayer to Pioneer AI-Powered Compute Solutions on Bitcoin Layer 2

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Zesh, an innovative AI-powered SocialFi platform that leverages zkML to foster genuine community growth and engagement within the Web3 space.

Cluster Protocol and Zesh: Building the Future of AI-Powered SocialFi Communities

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Koii, a social computing platform that redefines internet infrastructure around privacy, security, and community.

Cluster Protocol and Koii: Pioneering Decentralized Internet and AI Infrastructure

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with AON (AGI Open Network), an AI application blockchain designed to empower developers to quickly build blockchain-based AI applications. 

Cluster Protocol and AON: Empowering Decentralized AI and Computing Infrastructure

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Brainedge, a next-generation AI-powered online learning platform.

Cluster Protocol and Brainedge: Transforming E-Learning with AI Integration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Value DEX, the next-generation decentralized exchange for EVM chains and the Solana network.

Cluster Protocol and Value DEX: Unleashing the Future of Decentralized Trading

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with JarvisBot, a Web3 AI bot based on multimodal foundation models.

Cluster Protocol and JarvisBot: Collaborating to Build the Ultimate AI Model

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with GainFi, an AI-enhanced decentralized fitness application. 

Cluster Protocol and GainFi: Transforming Decentralized Fitness with AI and Data Integration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with SFT Protocol, the first fully generalized Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Network (DePIN) DAO.

Cluster Protocol and SFT Protocol: Bridging Physical Infrastructure and Web3

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Naoris Protocol, the world’s first post-quantum, sub-zero blockchain layer for cybersecurity and digital trust.

Cluster Protocol and Naoris Protocol: Pioneering Quantum-Resistant Cybersecurity and AI Integration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Orbital7, the world's first super modular suite on Runes, BTC, and BRC20 networks. 

Cluster Protocol and Orbital7: Enhancing Technical Integrations and Marketing Synergies

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Script Network, a layer 1 open-source live TV platform, protocol, and storage network.

Cluster Protocol and Script Network: Enhancing Community Engagement and Decentralized Advertising

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Loxodrome, the ultimate DePIN-Centriced Liquidity Hub building next-gen ve(3,3) DEX on IoTeX.

Cluster Protocol and Loxodrome: Bridging DeFi and DePIN with AI-Driven Solutions

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with NeuroMesh, an innovative distributed training protocol designed to leverage underutilized computing power for large AI model development.

Cluster Protocol and NeuroMesh: Democratizing AI Training and Inference

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with Skillful AI, an innovative platform transforming basic chatbots into advanced virtual assistants and tailor-made AI solutions.

Cluster Protocol and Skillful AI: Pioneering Advanced AI Solutions and Seamless Integration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Unamano, a platform that leverages the Proof-of-Stake (POS) mechanism of ETH2.0 to enable ETH holders to participate in the Web3 ecosystem through risk-free staking.

Cluster Protocol and Unamano: Revolutionizing Staking and Web3 Participation

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with EMC Protocol, a cutting-edge blockchain and peer-to-peer network-based edge computing protocol.

Cluster Protocol and EMC Protocol: Uniting Decentralized Computing Power for Enhanced AI Solutions

As we move further into the age of big data and artificial intelligence (AI), privacy concerns have become increasingly critical, especially when dealing with sensitive information.

Why Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning techniques are crucial in protecting data integrity and a sustainable scaling of blockchains

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with AgentLayer, a pioneering protocol and public blockchain leveraging the powerful OP Stack. 

Cluster Protocol and AgentLayer: Pioneering Decentralized AI Collaboration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Inferium, an advanced ML-driven intelligent store and aggregator for AI inference.

Cluster Protocol and Inferium: Enhancing AI Inference and Model Deployment

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with UniLend, a permissionless decentralized money market protocol.

Cluster Protocol and UniLend: Enhancing DeFi Lending and Borrowing

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Optopia, an L2 blockchain specifically designed to optimize artificial intelligence (AI) applications.

Cluster Protocol and Optopia: Advancing AI Applications on the Blockchain

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with Yuku, a pioneering AI Web3 platform.

Cluster Protocol and Yuku: Enhancing the Web3 and AI Experience

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with daGama, a Web2.5 feedback and recommendation service for travelers and enthusiasts.

Cluster Protocol and daGama: Enhancing Traveler Experiences with AI and Community Engagement

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce its strategic partnership with ZkAGI, the first privacy-centric AI DePIN.

Cluster Protocol announces its Strategic Partnership with ZkAGI

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with CADAICO, the pioneer behind the world's first CAD-focused blockchain ecosystem. 

Cluster Protocol and CADAICO: Transforming CAD with AI and Blockchain Integration

Kubernetes is an open source container orchestration and software management platform which supports the automated deployment, scaling and management of software using unique features like self-deployment and self-healing on its platform. 

An analysis of the components of Kubernetes and Cluster Protocol's use of Kubernetes for efficient and decentralized compute sharing.

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce an innovative partnership with REI Network, an EVM-compatible public blockchain designed for the evolving blockchain space.

Cluster Protocol and REI Network: Transforming Blockchain with Zero-Fee, High-Performance Solutions

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with Three Protocol, a groundbreaking ecosystem dedicated to decentralizing marketplaces. 

Cluster Protocol and Three Protocol Partners to Enhance the Future of Decentralized Marketplaces

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a groundbreaking partnership with Nexaa, the world’s first next-gen crypto store.

Cluster Protocol and Nexaa: Pioneering the Future of Crypto with Unified Ecosystem Solutions

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Capx AI Protocol, a pioneering force in decentralized AI development. 

Cluster Protocol and Capx: Transforming Decentralized AI Infrastructure

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with CESS, a pioneering blockchain-powered decentralized storage and content delivery network infrastructure. 

Cluster Protocol and CESS: Advancing Decentralized Storage for Dynamic Data Lakes

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with Dechat, an innovative web3 communications protocol designed to power decentralized user interactions.

Cluster Protocol announces its partnership with Dechat

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Token Events, an advanced infrastructure platform for businesses in the emerging attention economy.

Cluster Protocol and Token Events: Enhancing the Attention Economy with AI and Big Data

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Ink Finance, a leading modular SaaS protocol for Web3 finance.

Cluster Protocol and Ink Finance: Pioneering the Future of Web3 Finance

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with Ÿ, an AI-powered market data oracle specializing in predicting future patterns as an AI service.

Cluster Protocol and Ÿ: Transforming Market Predictions with AI

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with StoryFire, the innovative Web3 platform that combines SocialFi, GameFi, and DeFi into a unified experience.

Cluster Protocol and StoryFire: Uniting AI and Web3 for Enhanced Content Engagement

The eccentric quality of a blockchain is derived from its ability to be decentralized and open. Nodes are important mechanisms in ensuring that the blockchains remain decentralized despite threats from different malicious actors such as hackers, self-interest seeking centralized entities and even the government.

Understanding the importance of Nodes in a Blockchain and Cluster Protocol's compute node structure for efficient compute sharing.

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce its strategic partnership with Kvants, an innovative platform offering automated AI-driven quant strategies. 

Cluster Protocol and Kvants: Powering the Future of AI-Driven Quant Trading

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a community partnership with Chappyz, the AI-powered SocialFi marketplace.

Cluster Protocol and Chappyz: Driving Community Engagement and Growth 

The article discusses Cluster Protocol's unique **"Proof of Compute"** protocol that promises to ignite an intelligent movement of compute sharing where individual players from around the world will utilize its **decentralized compute sharing platform** to access high quality, data secured and effective compute resources to **Train and Deploy AI models.**

An analysis of Cluster Protocol's transformative Proof of Compute protocol and its potential role in disrupting the Compute marketplace by offering a decentralized alternative.

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce its strategic partnership with Lighthouse, a pioneering perpetual file storage protocol. 

Cluster Protocol and Lighthouse: Supercharging Decentralized Storage Together!

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce its partnership with INTOverse, a trailblazing decentralized network of Web3 social protocols. 

Cluster Protocol Partners with INTOverse to Revolutionize Web3 Social Networks

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a strategic partnership with CyberKart, a leader in the cyberpunk racing game industry. 

Cluster Protocol and CyberKart: A Partnership to Revolutionize AI-Driven Gaming 

The topic of AGI, or Artificial Generative Intelligence, has largely become a center of attention, research and debate. With the onslaught of rapid developments in OpenAI's Chat-GPT and introduction of similar AI products, the vast majority of the population is still severely misguided and under-educated on this topic. 

The promising future of AGI and why it is important to decentralize its future developments.

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a strategic partnership with OpSec, a leading ecosystem in the blockchain space known for its decentralized and community-owned nodes and validators. 

Cluster Protocol Partners with OpSec: A New Era of Decentralized AI and Blockchain Integration

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce its strategic partnership with Port3 Network, a decentralized AI servicing protocol designed for the Web3 ecosystem.

Cluster Protocol Partners with Port3 Network to Enhance Data Utilization in Web3

In an exciting development for the blockchain and AI communities, Cluster Protocol is proud to announce a strategic partnership with U2U Network. This partnership aims to enhance the integration of decentralized AI models and blockchain technology.

Cluster Protocol Partners with U2U Network

For many, the world of Cryptocurrencies is equivalent to the colossal emptiness of the Amazon forest. It is unknown, scary and unpredictable in ways beyond their imagination. Words like Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies sound like preemptive warnings to danger for them.

Unparalleled possibilities of Intent based AI in enhancing user experience of modern Crypto digital wallets.

Cluster Protocol and nuco.cloud have joined forces to redefine how we approach decentralized computing and AI model training. 

Cluster Protocol’s partnership with nuco.cloud: A leap towards Decentralized Computing and AI

Cluster Protocol announces its partnership with K.O.I (Kingdom of Imagination). This partnership aims to revolutionize the social gaming and AI sectors by leveraging our unique strengths to create a dynamic and secure ecosystem for users.

A New Era in Social Gaming and AI: The Koi and Cluster Protocol Partnership

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce a groundbreaking partnership with YOUR AI Protocol, the world’s first AI-driven content layer for e-commerce built on Bitcoin and Solana. 

Cluster Protocol Partners with YOUR AI to Revolutionize E-Commerce Content

As the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to evolve, several transformative trends are emerging that promise to revolutionize the way we develop, deploy, and scale AI systems.

Decentralized AI: Transforming Access and Execution of Artificial Intelligence

We are thrilled to announce our strategic partnership with Rivalz, an AI Data layer and a modular AI-app ecosystem. 

Partnership Announcement: Rivalz and Cluster Protocol Join Forces

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce its strategic partnership with YOM, a pioneer in the cloud gaming industry on the Solana platform.

Powering Next-Gen Gaming: The Strategic Partnership Between YOM and Cluster Protocol

Cluster Protocol is thrilled to announce its strategic partnership with Unmarshal, a leader in multi-chain Web 3.0 data networks. This partnership aligns two pioneers in blockchain and AI, setting the stage for groundbreaking advancements in dApps, DeFi, NFTs, and more.

Cluster Protocol Partners with Unmarshal to Revolutionize Data Access and AI Deployment

We are thrilled to announce a groundbreaking partnership between Cluster Protocol and ByteAI, uniting two pioneers in the decentralized technology space.

Cluster Protocol and ByteAI Partnership: reshaping Artificial Intelligence (AI) and news distribution

Cluster Protocol is excited to announce a groundbreaking partnership with ColdStack, the first-to-market decentralized data storage aggregator.

Empowering Decentralized AI and Storage Solutions: ColdStack & Cluster Protocol Partnership 

We are thrilled to announce our strategic partnership with Virtual Labs, developing ZK State Channels, an EVM infrastructure designed to eliminate gas fees and latency for on-chain games and protocols.

Creating new bridges in Web3: Unveiling our strategic partnership with Virtual Labs

We are thrilled to unveil our strategic partnership with Kima Network that marks a significant milestone in the journey of Cluster Protocol.

Cluster Protocol announces its strategic partnership with Kima Network

We are thrilled to unveil our strategic partnership with Hybrid that marks a significant milestone in the journey of Cluster Protocol.

Cluster Protocol announces its Strategic Partnership with Hybrid 

We are thrilled to announce a groundbreaking strategic partnership between Cluster Protocol and Glacier Network, a pioneering force in decentralized data infrastructure.

Partnership Announcement: Glacier Network Joins Forces with Cluster Protocol

We at Cluster Protocol are thrilled to announce our strategic partnership with Synesis One, a leader in enterprise AI data solutions.

Cluster Protocol and Synesis One: Revolutionizing AI Data Processing and Decentralized Models

We’re unleashing a massive pool of 150,000 $CP in rewards, with the top 200 participants claiming their share of the bounty!

Cluster Protocol live on Zealy — 150,000 $CP in Prizes to be Won!

GPUs, or Graphics Processing Units, are specialized hardware designed to accelerate the rendering of images and perform parallel processing tasks. Here are some examples of GPUs

Understanding GPUs: Complementing CPUs and Powering AI

Apr 12, 2024

by Cluster Protocol

0 min Read

READ MORE BLOGS

✦ Cyber security by Decentralized AI

In today's interconnected world, cybersecurity has emerged as a critical issue. Beyond the tradition...

✦ Cluster Protocol & OnlyLayer Partnership: Powering AI-Powered dApps and Next-Level Scalability

We are delighted to announce our partnership with OnlyLayer, an emerging leader in Ethereum Layer 2 ...

✦ Cluster Protocol Partners with Kaira: Revolutionizing Decentralized Social Media with AI-Driven Personalization and Enhanced Performance

We are excited to announce a groundbreaking partnership between Cluster Protocol and Kaira, two inno...